Clinical characteristic of familial exudative vitreous retinopathy occurring in premature infants / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To describe the clinical characteristics of 6 premature infants diagnosed as familial exudative vitreoretinopathy(FEVR).<p>METHODS: From August 2018 to January 2019, the researchers collected six premature cases of FEVR from Xinhua Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. All 6 infants born prematurely had examinations of fundus photography and fluorescein angiograms under anesthesia. Medical history and angiographic features were analyzed retrospectively.<p>RESULTS: Six infants born prematurely were initially misdiagnosed as retinopathy of prematurity ROP. All underwent injection anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(anti-VEGF)drug into vitreous body cavity subsequently, two of whom were treated with injection anti-VEGF drug into vitreous body cavity twice. Six infants born prematurely had follow-up examinations of fundus photography and fluorescein angiograms with the machine of Retcam digital imaging system under anesthesia, they were eventually diagnosed as FEVR. Then 2 cases were treated with laser photocoagulation, 1 case was treated with injection anti-VEGF drug into vitreous body cavity combined laser photocoagulation, 1 case was treated with injection anti-VEGF drug into vitreous body cavity, 2 cases maintain the follow-up visit. <p>CONCLUSION: Clinically, premature infants FEVR, tend to be misdiagnosed as ROP initially. If the demarcation line separating the avascular from the vascular retinal regions presents persistent or the condition turns to be worse, more examinations will be required to confirm the diagnosis such as fluorescein angiograms under anesthesia. FEVR is a lifelong disease, its symptoms, if present, typically take a progressive course during childhood and adolescence. Early diagnosis of FEVR is crucial due to its progressive nature and the genetic/familial underpinnings of the condition. The correct identification of those FEVR patients can help them receive timely treatment and genetic counseling for those of child-bearing age.

Relationship of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with obesity and inflammatory cytokines in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH)D3] level with obesity and inflammatory cytokines in children, and to provide a basis for clinical evaluation of the relationship between vitamin D nutritional status and obesity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-eight children with obesity who visited the hospital between February and June 2012 were selected as subjects. According to baseline data, such as age and sex, 105 children who underwent physical examination in the same period were selected as controls. Fasting venous blood samples were taken to measure serum levels of 25-(OH)D3, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Serum 25-(OH)D3 levels were significantly lower in the obesity group than in the control group (P<0.01). Serum 25-(OH)D3 levels were negatively correlated with BMI (r=-0.462, P<0.01). Patients were further divided, according to their serum 25-(OH)D levels, into vitamin D sufficiency, vitamin D insufficiency, vitamin D deficiency and severe vitamin D deficiency subgroups. There were significant differences in serum IFN-γ levels among the subgroups (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in serum IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels between the subgroups, however (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Obese children have lower serum 25-(OH)D3 levels than normal children. Serum 25-(OH)D3 level is negatively correlated with BMI, but has little correlation with inflammatory cytokines levels.</p>

Glutaminergic neurons expressing c-Fos in the brainstem and amygdala participate in signal transmission and integration of sweet taste / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the role of glutaminergic neurons in the transmission and integration of the sweat taste information in the brain stem and the amygdala.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Conscious Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to oral sweet taste or water (control) stimulations. The activated neurons were identified by detecting c-Fos expression in taste-related brain areas, and the glutaminergic neurons by detecting vesicular glutamate transpoter-3 (VGLUT3).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with control group, the rats with oral sucrose solution stimulation exhibited significantly increased c-Fos-expressing and double-labeled neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NST), the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) and the amygdala.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Neurons in the NST, PBN and amygdala are activated after oral sweet taste stimulation. The sweet taste perception at different levels in the CNS is partly mediated by glutamate.</p>

GABAergic neurons in the central nucleus of amygdala modulate sodium appetite in rats / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine whether the GABA-containing neurons in rat central nucleus of amygdala (CeA) can be activated by acute sodium deprivation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Acute sodium depletion was induced by subcutaneous injection of furosemide in rats followed by 24 h of dietary sodium deprivation. The rats underwent 0.3 mol/L NaCl/distilled water two bottle choice test, and the activated neurons were labeled and identified with GABA/Fos-double labeling immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rats with acute sodium depletion exhibited significantly more numerous c-fos-positive neurons and GABA/Fos double-labeled neurons in the CeA than the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). Consumption of 0.3 mol/L NaCl significantly increased the number of c-fos and GABA/Fos double labeled neurons compared to the distilled water group (P<0.001, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>GABAergic neurons in the CeA may play an inhibitory role in the regulation of sodium intake in rats with acute sodium depletion.</p>

Protective effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A against acute lung injury induced by oleic acid and lipopolysaccharide in rats / 药学学报

This study is to investigate the pharmacological effect and mechanism of action of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) on acute lung injury (ALI). The rat ALI was induced by oleic acid and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. The incidence of acidosis, PaO2 (arterial blood oxygen pressure), W/D (wet weight/dry weight) and lung index (LI) were measured. Electron microscope and optical microscope were applied to observe lung morphological changes in rat. RT-PCR was used to determine TNF-alpha and ICAM-1 mRNA level. Inhibition effect of HSYA on plasma inflammatory cytokine expression was measured by ELISA. HSYA could alleviate pulmonary edema, reduce acidosis, keep PaO2 from descending, inhibit inflammatory cell infiltration, inhibit rat lung TNF-alpha and ICAM-1 mRNA expression and plasma IL-6 and IL-1beta level elevation. HSYA is an effective ingredient to remit ALI induced by oleic acid and LPS in rat.

Effects of human papillomavirus 16 E6 and E7 oncogene on the proliferation and differentiation of human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cell line / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlation between HPV16 and the development of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma by studying the effects of HPV16 E6 and E7 oncogene on the proliferation and differentiation of human laryngeal squamous carcinoma cell line.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cationic phosphonolipid was used to transfect pLXSN16E6E7 into Lscc-02 high differentiation laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cell line, the cells transfected by the vector pLXSN and Lscc-02 cells served as control groups. The changes of proliferation and differentiation were measured in vitro and in vivo.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The proliferation was quicker in experimental group. The average A ratio reached to 2.96, which was higher than 1.90 and 1.85 of control groups. The clone forming rate was 23.6% in experimental group, which was higher than 12.7% and 12.0% of control groups. Serum-dependent became lower in experimental group. The Ki-67 positive expression rate was markedly increased and cytokeratin 13 positive expression rate was markedly decreased in experimental group as compared with control groups. The Ki-67 positive expression rates were 93.8%, 80.7% and 79.2% respectively. The cytokeratin 13 positive expression rate were 80.9%, 91.0% and 93.7% respectively. The latent period and internal double time of transplant tumor were short in experimental group compared with control groups. The latent period were 19 d, 28 d and 30 d respectively. The internal double time of transplant tumor was 2.15 d, 3.28 d and 3.47 d respectively. The volume of transplant tumor was smaller in the same period in experimental group. The cells of transplant tumor in experimental group showed an image of small size, great allotype and a trend of low differentiation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HPV16 E6 and E7 can promote the proliferation and inhibit the differentiation of Lscc-02 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells which suggest HPV16 may play an important role in the development of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.</p>

Infants hearing screening in the coastal villages of Shandong province / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study how to perform the hearing screening on the infants in the rural area.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three thousand nine hundreds and twenty-two infants, about 84% of them from rural, were born in the People Hospital of LaiZhou City from January to December in 2004. The infants were performed fast hearing screening by transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) after the birth in 2-7 days. The fail cases were checked again after 4-6 weeks, and then were diagnosed if they still failed after following-up.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The infants (3612/3922, 92.1%) have been checked by TEOAE, and the examination was free in the poverty cases. The rate passed on the first check was 69.96% (2527/3922), but 1085 infants failed (30.4%), while 310 infants have not been checked (7.9%). In the 1085 cases that should be rechecked, there was only 633 cases (58.34%) accepted the check on time, while 452 cases (41.66%) missed. In the 163 cases with high-risk infants in 2004, 114 infants (69.96%) were checked, but 49 infants (29.04%) were not checked. Fourteen cases failed in the recheck, and 11 of them were checked by ABR. Two cases were found to be moderate and severe hearing loss in binaural respectively and 4 cases with mild hearing loss in monaural while 3 cases were normal.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It is necessary and viable for the infants on hearing screening in the rural area It should be set up and perfected the model for infants on hearing screening in rural area as soon as possible; it should be free for the poor infants to make sure everyone enjoy the health care.</p>

Estimation on ethanol content measured in vivo / 法医学杂志

Recently the cases after drinking are increasing, but the systematic studys on ethanol content in vivo and correlative problems are still absent. According to the measured results of ethanol content in vivo, ethanol metabolic distributed rules, mechanisms of ethanol toxicological effect and its production in vivo, this study analysed systematically the time after drinking, total quantity of absorbed ethanol, psychological situations, behavioral dominated ability, death causes and manners in order to find out the implied forensic medical information and provide the reference for colleague.

Establishment of a HPV-negative cell line derived from xenografted human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a human laryngeal carcinoma cell line unassociated with human papillomavirus (HPV).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Viable tissue of a well-differentiated laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma was obtained and tested negative for the presence of HPV by polymerase chain reaction. Minced tissue fragments were then transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice. After two successive passages, the tumor tissue was seeded into culture flasks and incubated in a medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, insulin and epidermal growth factor. Tumor cell phenotype and molecular features were determined by various methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A stable cell line, designated as Lscc-02, was successfully established after 86 culture passages. The cells grew as a monolayer with epithelioid features. The cell doubling time was approximately 39.1 hours. The human origin of the tumor cells was confirmed by karyotype analysis. The squamous epithelial phenotype was demonstrated by the immunopositivity of anti-cytokeratin antibodies and ultrastructural presence of tonofilaments and desmosomes. The malignant nature of the cells was documented by their clonal formation in soft-agar and tumorigenicity in nude mice. Lscc-02 cells expressed carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and were negative for HPV DNA.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This newly established Lscc-02 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cell line may be a useful model for investigating laryngeal carcinoma unrelated to HPV infection, and the role of HPV in the progression of human laryngeal carcinoma.</p>

Use of allogenic acellular dermal matrix combined with autologous epidermal cells for the repair of tissue defect / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate a method for the repair of tissue defect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Allogenic acellular dermal matrixes (ADM) were implanted to full-thickness skin defects made on the dorsa of rats. Two weeks later, autologous suspended epidermal cells were transplanted on to the surface of vascularized ADM. Respectively, neoepidermis was macroscopically observed 2, 3, 5 weeks after grafting, and samples were taken to make routine paraffin sections for microscopical examination, and immunohistochemical staining for type IV collagen was also performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The vascularized ADM could support proliferation and differentiation of epidermal cells, and also could promote the formation of dermal-epidermal junction. Suspended epidermal cells in an artificial culture system in vivo could develop into mature epidermis. The reconstructed skin not only looked like the normal one in appearance in which hair was removed, but also revealed a better function.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Full-thickness skin defect can be repaired by transplanting autologous epidermal cell suspension on to vascularized ADM.</p>

Study on distribution and drainage of lymphatic vessels of tongue / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the distribution and drainage of lymphatic vessels of tongue, and to provide anatomical evidence for treatment of tongue cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Indirect lymphatic injection was employed, combined with clearing method with winter green oil and corrosive cast technique, to study the distribution of lymphatic vessels of tongue. Anatomical methods were used to detect the sentinel lymph nodes in different region of tongue.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The lymphatic vessels of dorsal mucosa composed of lymphocapillary vessels and anstomosing side branches were present by superficial and deep capillary networks. The distribution of lymphatic networks extend from tip to base and from one board to another, and was not influenced by the sulcus tenninalis and median lingual sulcus. Lymphatic vessels in the muscular portion communicated with lymphocapillary network of dorsal and ventral mucosa, which made the lymphatic vessels of tongue to be an integrity network structure. These characters of distribution influenced the lymphatic drainage of tongue. The results showed principal sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) for anterior part of tongue were submental lymph nodes, submandibular lymph nodes and juguloomohyoid lymph nodes, for lateral part and middle part of tongue were submandibular lymph nodes, jugulodigastric lymph nodes and thyroid lymph nodes, and for root part of tongue were jugulodigastric lymph nodes. SLNs for every injection region were all presented at bilatral neck, but the frequency of stained SLNs at homolateral neck was more than that at contralateral neck.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The lymphatic vessels of tongue arranged like a network, which made the lymphatic drainage at various ways and made the distribution of sentinel lymph nodes to be bilateral and dispersive.</p>

Study on the antioxidative effect of Safflor Yellow / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the antioxidative effect of Safflor Yellow (SY).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Hydroxyl radical scavenge effect of SY was tested with 1,10-phenanthroline-Fe2+ oxidative assay. Lipid peroxidation of mouse liver suspension was measured with thiobarbituric acid colorimetry technique. Hemocytocatheresis was determined with colorimetry.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Hydroxyl radical could be scavenged by 1.39 to 3.42 g x L(-1) SY dose dependently. Mouse liver suspension peroxidation was inhibited by 77.8 to 776.1 mg x L(-1) SY dosage dependently. Hemocytocatheresis was attenuated by 37.1 to 297.1 mg x L(-1) SY dose dependently.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SY is an antioxidative part of Carthamus tinctorius.</p>

Inhibitory effect of kaempferol against binding of platelet activating factor to its receptor / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the platelet activating factor (PAF) antagonistic effect of kaempferol.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The specific binding of [3H] PAF to rabbit platelet receptor was investigatedwith radio ligand binding assay (RLBA). Platelet adhesion induced by PAF was measured with spectrophotometry. The elevation of inner free calcium concentration in rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) induced by PAF was determined with Fura-2 fluorescent technique.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The 1, 2 or 4 nmol x L(-1) [3H]PAF specific binding to rabbit platelet receptor was inhibited by Kae dosage dependently and the IC50 were 30.8, 74.6 and 92.0 micro mol x L(-1), respectively. The PAF induced reactions of rabbit platelet adhesion and PMNs inner free calcium concentration elevation were inhibited by Kae in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 of Kae to inhibit platelet adhesion was 65 micromol x L(-1).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Kae is effective in inhibiting the action of PAF and it is a new PAF receptor antagonist.</p>

Antagonistic effect of myricetin on platelet activing factor / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the antagonistic effect of myricetin on platelet activing factor (PAF).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The specific binding of [3H] PAF to rabbit platelet receptor was investigated using radio ligand binding assay (RLBA). Platelet adhesion induced by PAF was measured with spectrophotometry. The elevation of inner free calcium concentration in rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) induced by PAF was assayed by Fura-2 fluorescent technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The specific binding inhibition potency of Myr was found to be concentration-dependent. The IC50 of Myr in [3H] PAF 1, 2 and 4 nmol.L-1 were 34.8, 85.7 and 118.6 mumol.L-1, respectively. The PAF induced reactions of rabbit platelet adhesion and PMNs inner free calcium concentration increase were inhibited by Myr in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 of Myr to inhibit platelet adhesion was 13.1 mumol.L-1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The specific receptor binding of PAF can be antagonized by myricetin.</p>